AKỤKỌ OJIJI TUNGSTEN
Nchọpụta ndị e mere n'iji tungsten eme ihe nwere ike jikọta ha nke ọma na mpaghara anọ: kemịkalụ, ígwè na ihe ndị ọzọ e ji ígwè rụọ, eriri, na carbide.
1847: A na-eji nnu Tungsten eme owu agba agba ma na-emepụta uwe e ji eme ihe nkiri na ihe ndị ọzọ na-egbochi ọkụ.
1855: E mepụtara usoro Bessemer, nke mere ka e nwee ike imepụta ígwè n'ọtụtụ ebe. N'otu oge ahụ, a na-emepụta ígwè tungsten mbụ na Austria.
1895: Thomas Edison nyochachara ikike ihe nwere ike ịgba ọkụ mgbe e tinyere ya na X-ray, wee chọpụta na calcium tungstate bụ ihe kachasị arụ ọrụ.
1900: E gosipụtara ígwè dị elu, ngwakọta pụrụ iche nke ígwè na tungsten, na World Exhibition na Paris. Ọ na-anọgide na-esi ike n'oge okpomọkụ dị elu, zuru oke maka iji ya na ngwaọrụ na igwe.
1903: Ejiri eriri dị n'ime oriọna na bọlbụ ọkụ mee ihe mbụ e ji tungsten mee ihe nke ji oke mmiri agbaze ya na ike eletrik ya. Naanị nsogbu dị na ya? Mgbalị ndị mbụ e mere gosiri na tungsten adịghị ike nke ukwuu maka ojiji ya n'ọtụtụ ebe.
1909: William Coolidge na ndị otu ya na General Electric nke US nwere ihe ịga nke ọma n'ịchọpụta usoro nke na-emepụta eriri tungsten ductile site na ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ na ọrụ igwe kwesịrị ekwesị.
1911: Usoro Coolidge malitere ire ere, n'oge na-adịghị anya, bọlbụ ọkụ tungsten gbasaara gburugburu ụwa nke nwere waya tungsten ductile.
1913: Ụkọ daịamọnd ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na Germany n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ mere ka ndị nchọpụta chọọ ihe ọzọ karịa daịamọnd, nke a na-eji ese waya.
1914: “Ọ bụ nkwenye nke ụfọdụ ndị ọkachamara agha Njikọ aka na n'ime ọnwa isii, Germany ga-agwụ ike na mgbọ. Ndị Njikọ aka chọpụtara n'oge na-adịghị anya na Germany na-amụba mmepụta mgbọ agha ya ma ruo oge ụfọdụ agafeela mmepụta nke ndị Njikọ aka. Mgbanwe ahụ bụ n'ihi ojiji o ji ígwè dị elu na ngwaọrụ ịkpụ tungsten. N'ụzọ dị mwute nye ndị Britain, tungsten e ji mee ihe, nke e mechara chọpụta, sitere na Cornish Mines ha dị na Cornwall.” – Site n'akwụkwọ KC Li nke 1947 bụ "TUNGSTEN"
1923: Ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ eletrik nke mba Jamanị tinyere akwụkwọ ikike maka tungsten carbide, ma ọ bụ ígwè siri ike. Emere ya site na "ịkpụcha" mkpụrụ tungsten monocarbide (WC) siri ike nke ukwuu n'ime matrix njikọ nke ígwè cobalt siri ike site na mmiri mmiri sintering.
Ihe si na ya pụta gbanwere akụkọ ihe mere eme nke tungsten: ihe e ji ejikọta ike dị elu, ike siri ike na ike dị elu. N'ezie, tungsten carbide siri ike nke ukwuu, naanị ihe e ji eke mee nwere ike ịcha ya bụ dayamọnd. (Carbide bụ ihe kacha mkpa e ji tungsten eme taa.)
Afọ 1930: A malitere iji ngwa ọhụrụ maka ihe ndị e ji tungsten mee n'ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ maka ịkụnye mmanụ ndị e ji ígwè mee.
1940: Mmepe nke ígwè, nickel, na cobalt nke nwere superalloys malitere, iji mejupụta mkpa maka ihe nwere ike iguzogide okpomọkụ dị egwu nke injin jet.
1942: N'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, ndị Germany bụ ndị mbụ jiri tungsten carbide core mee ihe n'ime ngwa agha na-agbapụta ngwa agha ọsọ ọsọ. Tankị ndị Britain fọrọ nke nta ka ọ "gbazee" mgbe egbe tungsten carbide ndị a kụrụ.
1945: Ahịa kwa afọ nke oriọna incandescent ruru nde 795 kwa afọ na US
Afọ 1950: Ka ọ dị ugbu a, a na-etinye tungsten n'ime superalloys iji melite arụmọrụ ha.
Afọ 1960: E mepụtara ihe ndị na-akpali akpali ọhụrụ nwere ihe ndị e ji tungsten mee iji gwọọ gas ikuku na-ekupụ n'ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ.
1964: Mmezi na arụmọrụ na mmepụta nke oriọna incandescent na-ebelata ọnụ ahịa nke inye otu ọnụọgụ ọkụ site na ihe dị ka nkeji iri atọ, ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọnụ ahịa mgbe e tinyere sistemụ ọkụ Edison.
2000: N'oge a, a na-adọ ihe dị ka ijeri mita iri abụọ nke waya oriọna kwa afọ, ogologo ya ruru ihe dị ka ugboro iri ise nke anya ụwa na ọnwa. Ọkụ na-eri 4% na 5% nke mmepụta tungsten niile.
TUNGSTEN TAA
Taa, tungsten carbide bụ ihe a na-ejikarị eme ihe, a na-ejikwa ya arụpụta ígwè, ịkpụ osisi, plastik, ihe ndị e ji mee ihe, na seramiiki dị nro, ịkpụ chipless (ọkụ na oyi), igwu ala, iwu ihe owuwu, igwu nkume, akụkụ ihe owuwu, akụkụ iyi na akụkụ ndị agha.
A na-ejikwa ihe ndị e ji ígwè Tungsten mee eme ihe n'imepụta ihe ndị e ji ígwè rọketi eme, bụ́ ndị ga-enwerịrị ezigbo ihe ndị na-eguzogide okpomọkụ. A na-eji ihe ndị e ji ígwè rụọ dị ka tungsten eme ihe n'ime agụba turbine na akụkụ na ihe mkpuchi ndị na-anaghị emebi emebi.
Agbanyeghị, n'otu oge ahụ, ọchịchị nke ọkụ ọkụ incandescent abịala ná njedebe mgbe afọ 132 gasịrị, ka ha na-amalite ịkwụsị na US na Canada.
Oge ozi: Julaị-29-2021
